Explaining Value Added -- Dickeson

"Yes, we know all that, Roger. What difference does it make? We look at it once or twice a year—when we get financial statements. You have to buy paper, ink and other stuff for jobs, don't you? Not much you can do about it. Look at those PIA ratios. For more than a dozen years they've been running around 36 percent of selling price for manufactured product—for both top performers and all companies. That means that all printers are paying about the same, doesn't it? Have been for years."